We built a batch of feeder shims. They are made of a one by three. I didn't realize that they started cheating us on one by threes. They are now 5/8" thick and 2 1/2" wide. The idea though is to use these as a dry sugar feeder. A sheet of newspaper will be on the top bars and the sugar on top of that. The second picture here is showing the combination cover/bottom (previous post) on top of the sugar feeder to make a stack of hives to overwinter.
I consider propolizing a good trait for bees (maybe not for the beekeeper). Here is a mating nuc I found this year. The drilled hole is about 5/8". The reduced hole is about 5/16".
It wasn't working right and then it would and then it wouldn't. This is what I found. It couldn't get out, so I left it and used another smoker. It was finally out after two days.
We needed to feed because of a dearth and we still needed to finish building up the 8 frame nucs for winter. We bought 50 six gallon buckets and bought 3,450 pounds of sugar in 25 lb bags. We worked out the maximum strength we could do with hot water from my tap (140 F) and not have it crystallize out. We put one 25 pound bag in each bucket with a heaping tablespoon of ascorbic acid, then 18 pints of water and stir it with a five gallon paint stirrer. After 10 to 30 minutes we stir it again.