One of the more significant things and expensive things, has bee a "bee box" (their name not mine) which my apprentice and I have decided to call the "bee locker". It's a climate controlled container with sensors etc. that can hold 144 eight frame medium nucs with feeder shims. The plan was to try to expand enough to fill that. I don't think we made it to 144 but we did start a lot of nucs. I also hope to overwinter a queen bank or two. It's 8' by 8' by 12'.
I consider propolizing a good trait for bees (maybe not for the beekeeper). Here is a mating nuc I found this year. The drilled hole is about 5/8". The reduced hole is about 5/16".
It wasn't working right and then it would and then it wouldn't. This is what I found. It couldn't get out, so I left it and used another smoker. It was finally out after two days.
We needed to feed because of a dearth and we still needed to finish building up the 8 frame nucs for winter. We bought 50 six gallon buckets and bought 3,450 pounds of sugar in 25 lb bags. We worked out the maximum strength we could do with hot water from my tap (140 F) and not have it crystallize out. We put one 25 pound bag in each bucket with a heaping tablespoon of ascorbic acid, then 18 pints of water and stir it with a five gallon paint stirrer. After 10 to 30 minutes we stir it again.